What are the main components of synthetic fibers?

What are the main components of synthetic fibers? Synthetic fibers are a kind of chemical fibers, and are a general term for chemical fibers made by using synthetic polymer compounds as raw materials. It is a linear organic polymer compound, such as polyacrylonitrile, polyester, polyamide, etc., which is synthesized by a polyaddition or polycondensation reaction using a small molecule organic compound as a raw material. It can be seen from the classification of fibers that it belongs to a category of chemical fibers.

[Synthetic fiber] What are the main components of synthetic fibers?

What are the synthetic fibers?

superfine fiber

Polyester with a fiber fineness of 0.5→0.35→0.25→0.27(dpf), specifications are: 50/144, 50/216, 50/288 ultra-fine polyester. There is also ultra-fine nylon Tactel fiber produced by DuPont, which is less than 10μm in diameter. Made into a garment with excellent soft touch, breathable waterproof and windproof effect.

Composite fiber

Mainly composed of PET/COPET or PET/PA, island-type fiber: fineness up to 0.04-0.06d

Pf, as well as easy-to-contract island-type composite fibers, can be used as suede coats, home textiles and industrial fabrics. The composite split type fiber has a fineness of 0.15-0.23 (dpf) and a DTY wire of 80/36×12, and can also be used as a suede and jeanette textile.

Moisture wicking fiber

The method for textiles to achieve moisture wicking function can be used:

(1) Profile cross-section of fiber: Y-shaped, cross-shaped, W-shaped and bone-shaped, etc., increase the surface area, and have more grooves on the surface of the fiber to improve the effect of water vapor transmission.

(2) Hollow or porous fibers: The sweat is rapidly diffused out by the action of capillary action and surface area increase.

(3) Chemical modification of fiber surface: increase the hydrophilic group on the surface of the fiber (joining or cross-linking method) to achieve rapid moisture absorption.

(4) Hydrophilizing agent finishing: directly imparting hydrophilicity to the fabric or fiber yarn during the post-printing treatment with a hydrophilic auxiliary agent.

(5) Adopting multi-layer fabric structure: the hydrophilic fiber is used as the inner layer fabric, the sweat produced by the human body is quickly absorbed, and then transmitted to the outside through the gap of the outer fabric to achieve comfortable and cool performance.

Moisture wicking fiber has new photosynthetic fiber CoolTech, product of Zhongxing Textile Co., Ltd. Cool

Plus, Delight fiber of Nanya Plastics Industry Co., Ltd., moisture wicking fiber polyester Topcool fiber of Far East Textile Co., Ltd., Technofine fiber (W type structure PET) produced by Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd., and DuPont's CoolMax fiber.

Dyeable polyester fiber

(1) Introducing a dyeable group (third monomer) into the molecular structure, such as a cationic dye capable of inducing an anionic dyeable group in a molecule, dyeable polyester CDP or HCDP, and an acid dye capable of introducing a cationic group in the molecule Polyester

(2) Polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) fibers and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) fibers which change molecular regularity.

PTT fiber has been patented in this polyester production in 1941, and industrial production has not been realized due to the high cost of producing 1,3 propylene glycol (PDO) raw materials. Until 1995, Degussa of Germany industrialized the production of 1,3 propylene glycol, which greatly reduced the cost. Subsequently, American Shell Company launched Corterra Polymer products in May 1995, and built a production line with an annual output of 2.2 kt of propylene glycol and an annual output of 5.5 ktp. The name "Corterra" has a variety of filaments and staple fibers. There are also PTT fibers produced by DuPont's PTT fiber, "Sorona", Japan's Asahi Kasei's "Solo", South Korea's SK Chemical Company, Taiwan Hualong and China. In November 2004, Canadian Polymers Ltd. built the world's largest production plant with an annual output of 95,000 tons of PTT fiber. PTT fiber has the characteristics of excellent elasticity, low modulus, soft hand feeling and easy dyeing. It is a polyester fiber with great development prospects.

Polylactic acid fiber

The raw material lactic acid is made from corn starch, so it is also called corn fiber. PLA fiber is based on the corn polylactic acid resin developed by the famous American grain company Cargill. In 1997, the company and the US Dow Polymers company jointly Cargill Dow Polymers was established and the polylactic acid raw material was fully developed. By 2002, the annual production of polylactic acid reached 140,000 tons, and the PLA fiber produced was named Ingeo. PLA fiber products produced by Japan's Zhongfang, Unichka and Kuraray are Lactron, Terramac and Plastarch, respectively. Companies such as DuPont and Monsanto have also begun to develop PLA fibers. At present, the commercially produced PLA fiber is produced by fermenting corn starch into lactic acid, and dehydrating polymerization to obtain a polylactic acid ester solution for spinning. The reason why PLA fiber is concerned by many fiber companies and consumers, and shows strong vitality, the main PLA fiber has many outstanding advantages:

(1) The raw materials are derived from natural plants and are easily biodegraded. The degradation products are lactic acid, carbon dioxide and water. It is a new generation of environmentally friendly degradable polyester fiber.

(2) has good hydrophilicity, capillary effect and water diffusion;

(3) The modulus and bending stiffness are half of the polyester, so the hand feels soft;

(4) Good resilience, wrinkle resistance and shape retention;

(5) High oxygen limit index (L0I 24-29), good self-extinguishing property after ignition, low combustion smoke, and good flame retardancy;

(6) It has UV protection ability and low UV absorption rate;

(7) low refractive index and good color rendering of dyed products;

(8) Dyeability, the dyeing temperature is lower than polyester.

PLA fibers also have some disadvantages: a. poor wear resistance, b. low melting point (about 175 ° C).

Other functional polyester

There are anti-UV (Anti-UV), hollow heat storage fibers, anti-bacterial fibers, flame retardant fibers, far-infrared fibers, negative ion fibers, etc., which are not introduced here. Various new fiber developments have successfully expanded new textile raw materials, and the development of new textile varieties has brought many challenges and opportunities to textile printing and dyeing enterprises.

Main component of synthetic fiber

Synthetic fiber is a kind of chemical fiber. It is a general name for chemical fiber obtained by using synthetic polymer compound as raw material to make synthetic fiber. It uses linear organic compound as raw material, and is synthesized by polyaddition reaction or polycondensation reaction. A polymer compound such as polyacrylonitrile, polyester, polyamide, or the like. From the classification of fibers, viscose rayon, acetate rayon, copper ammonia, tencel, modal, which are melted and spun from natural cellulose fibers (bark, pulp, waste cotton yarn). The yarn is made of man-made fiber. In essence, there is not much difference in chemical composition between man-made fibers and cotton yarns.